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Phenotypic variability is ubiquitous. This is especially true in bats where families such as Phyllostomidae encompass as much phenotypic variability as some entire orders of mammals. Typically, phenotypic variability is characterized based on cranial morphology with studies of other functionally important aspects of the phenotype such as legs, feet and wings less frequent. We examined patterns of secondary-sexual dimorphism and allometry of wing elements of the fringed fruit-eating bat (Artibeus fimbriatus) as well as examined for the first time modularity of bat wings. Patterns were based on 13 wing measurements taken from 21 female and 15 males from eastern Paraguay. From a multivariate perspective A. fimbriatus exhibited significant secondary-sexual dimorphism. Females were larger than males for all 13 wing characteristics with significant differences involving the last phalanx of the 4th and 5th digits. Female wings were also relatively larger than male wings from a multivariate perspective as well as the last phalanx of the 4th and 5th digit, after adjusting for wing size based on forearm length. Wing elements were highly variable regarding allometric relationships with some exhibiting no allometric patterns, and others exhibiting isometry or hyperallometry depending on the element. Wings exhibited significant modularity with metacarpals, proximal phalanges and distal phalanges each representing a discrete module. Wings of A. fimbriatus exhibit substantive patterns of dimorphism, allometry and modularity. While the Big Mother Hypothesis is a strong theoretical construct to explain wing dimorphism, there is yet no sound theoretical basis to patterns of allometry and modularity of the wing. Indeed, trying to understand the determinants of variation in wing morphology is ripe for future investigation.more » « less
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